FAT/CD36 regulates PEPCK expression in adipose tissue
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Fatty acid translocase (FAT)/CD36 has been extensively studied for its role in facilitating fatty acid uptake. Recent findings have also demonstrated that this protein regulates adipocyte lipolysis and may modulate fatty acid reesterification. As FAT/CD36 has been shown to control the expression of genes involved in fatty acid oxidation in adipocytes, we reasoned that this protein might also control the expression of enzymes involved in fatty acid reesterification. In adipose tissue from FAT/CD36 knockout (KO) mice, we found that glycerol and fatty acid release were reduced and this was associated with reductions in adipose triglyceride lipase. Decreases in lipolysis were paralleled by increases in the free fatty acid-to-glycerol ratio and reductions in primary and fractional rates of fatty acid reesterfication in cultured adipose tissue from FAT/CD36 KO mice. Reductions in reesterfication were associated with decreases in the mRNA expression and protein content of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK). To determine if reductions in lipolysis could lead to decreases in PEPCK mRNA expression, we treated cultured mouse adipose tissue with the lipase inhibitor CAY10499 (2 μM) and found that this resulted in an ∼50% reduction in PEPCK mRNA expression. Treatment with hexarelin (10 μM, 12 h), a CD36 agonist, increased PEPCK mRNA expression independent of lipolysis. Collectively, our results provide novel evidence that FAT/CD36 regulates PEPCK in adipose tissue and that this could be secondary to reductions in lipolysis.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".