The Transnational Community as an Agent for Caribbean Development: Aid from New York City and Toronto to Carriacou, Grenada
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Small island economies of the Caribbean have traditionally relied on remittances from family members working abroad to sustain them in their limited circumstances. The responsibility to provide for those back home has evolved as the communities of Afro-Caribbean people in North America have prospered. For some islands, like Grenada and its dependencies of Carriacou and Petite Martinique, the present transnational network has become a complex and sophisticated vehicle for initiating and completing development projects in the Caribbean. Community social organization abroad, as well as access to the Internet as an organizing tool, allow transnational connections to flourish and provide much needed aid to the home community. Although these islands have a long history of migration and remittances, the transnational network fosters an organized and effective way of providing development aid at a larger, community-wide scale. This article uses examples, including interviews, from New York City and Toronto to give voice to these connections and projects.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.019 | 0.005 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.005 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.007 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".