Preliminary characterization and source assessment of PAHs in tributary sediments of the Athabasca River, Canada
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The Athabasca Oil Sands are one of four natural oil sands deposits in Northern Alberta, Canada. As a number of new mines are planned in the area, there is a need to establish background levels of natural hydrocarbon release prior to these developments. To this end, various environmental samples were taken from selected tributaries in the oil sands region of the Athabasca River Basin and analysed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and their alkylated analogues. Samples were collected over 3 years (1998-2000) to provide an increased understanding of the spatial distribution, nature and extent of natural hydrocarbon release to the environment. Results indicated that levels of total PAHs were elevated in the tributaries (up to 34.7 µg/g) compared to the main stem Athabasca River (<2 µg/g). As expected, samples from the oil sands deposits contained the greatest amounts of PAHs and alkylated PAHs. Profiles of the alkylated PAM distributions were very similar, indicating that all the samples tested were from a common petrogenic source.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it