Types of governance, financial policy and the financial performance of micro-family-owned businesses in Canada
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to examine the impact of type of governance on financial policy and financial performance of micro-family-owned businesses in Canada. This study utilised survey research (a non-experimental field study design). Micro-family-business owners from Western Canada were asked about their beliefs, perceptions and feelings regarding type of governance, financial policy and financial performance. The findings of this study indicate that type of governance positively impacts financial policy. The results also show that both type of governance and financial policy positively impact the financial performance of the micro-family-owned businesses in Canada. This study contributes to the literature on the factors that affect the financial performance of micro-family-owned businesses by showing that financial performance is affected by the joint impact of type of governance and financial policy, and that financial policies differ based on gender of the CEOs and length of stay of the CEOs in Canada. The findings may be useful for financial managers, family business owners, stakeholders, investors and family business management consultants.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.004 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".