Investigation of the critical states of dielectric cracks in functionally graded piezoelectric materials
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
A critical state for electromechanical loads that determines when the traditional impermeable (or permeable) crack model serves as the upper or the lower bound of the dielectric crack model, first proposed for homogeneous piezoelectric materials, is studied further for functionally graded piezoelectric materials (FGPMs) in the current work. The analytical formulations of a single crack and two interacting cracks in the FGPMs are derived by using Fourier transforms, and the resulting integral equations are solved with Chebyshev polynomials. Numerical simulations are conducted to show the effect of crack length, positions of two interacting cracks and material gradient of FGPMs at this critical state. Interesting results show that the combination of the material gradient and the crack length α a plays an important role in determining this critical state. Our solutions also reveal there may exist several critical states for two interacting cracks in the FGPMs.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
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Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
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