Surface Thermodynamics of Aqueous Solutions of Morpholine and Methylmorpholine
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The surface tension of aqueous solutions of morpholine and methylmorpholine has been measured at temperatures from (298.15 to 328.15) K, covering the whole range of concentration. The surface tension of the solutions decreases with increasing morpholine concentrations at the water-rich side, and it remains practically constant for the rest of solutions. The surface enthalpy and surface entropy have been obtained from the temperature variation of the surface tension at constant mole fraction. The surface entropy of these aqueous solutions shows a nonrandom behavior at very low concentrations of morpholine and of methylmorpholine. There are two maxima (at x 2 = 0.025 and x 2 = 0.085) in the surface entropy of morpholine (2) + water (1) mixtures; methylmorpholine (3) + water (1) mixtures show one (at x 3 = 0.048). The surface enthalpies are similar to the surface entropies. The binding constants of morpholine and methylmorpholine on the water surface were calculated, and in both cases, the binding constants are temperature dependent. For morpholine, it increases with temperature; for methylmorpholine, it decreases.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".