Leishmaniasis-Associated Hemophagocytic Syndrome Revisited: Not an Uncommon Clinical Presentation of Leishmaniasis
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is an uncommon but important cause of reactive hemophagocytic syndrome (HS) that should be seriously considered in patients coming from endemic areas. We describe two cases of VL-associated HS; a young woman with fever, cytopenias and hyperferritinemia and an immunocompromised patient with fever, splenomegaly, hyperferritinemia and pancytopenia. The diagnosis of leishmaniasis was established with polymerase chain reaction for leishmania and bone marrow examination, whereas leihmaniasis specific treatment with liposomal amphotericin led to full clinical recovery and complete remission of HS. From the clinical point of view, it should be emphasized that the high clinical suspicion along with the use of modern, high yield diagnostic tools, may lead to early diagnosis of VL-associated HS, minimizing unnecessary hospitalization and potentially harmful investigations and treatments. doi:10.4021/jmc715w
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".