Isolation and Characterization of Hypothalamic Growth-Hormone Releasing Factor from Common Carp, Cyprinus carpio
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A growth hormone-releasing factor (GRF)-like peptide was isolated from the hypothalamus of common carp, Cyprinus carpio, by acid extraction, gel filtration chromatography, immunoaffinity chromatography using antiserum directed against rat GRF, and multiple steps of HPLC using octadecyl columns. Based on Edman degradation and peptide mapping, this teleost GRF was established to be a 45-residue peptide with the following primary structure: His-Ala-Asp-Gly-Met-Phe-Asn-Lys-Ala-Tyr-Arg-Lys-Ala-Leu-Gly-Gln-Leu-Ser- Ala-Arg - Lys-Tyr-Leu-His-Thr-Leu-Met-Ala-Lys-Arg-Val-Gly-Gly-Gly-Ser-Met-Ile-Glu- Asp-Asp-Asn-Glu-Pro-Leu-Ser. Carp GRF is closely related structurally to peptides of the glucagon-secretin superfamily, and more particularly to mammalian vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) precursors and the N-terminal portion of mammalian GRFs. A synthetic replicate of this peptide is highly potent [50% effective dose (ED50) approximately 0.08 nM] in stimulating GH release from cultured goldfish pituitary glands and in elevating serum GH levels 30 min after injection (0.1 micrograms/g) in goldfish.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".