Martingale Restrictions and the Implied Market Price of Risk
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The market price of risk is conceptually one of the most critical artifacts of modern finance, since it provides the linkage between equilibrium and arbitrage models of derivatives pricing. In this paper, the market price of risk is derived for options on live cattle futures contracts. It provides a technique to extract the implied market price of risk (iMPR), which is conceptually similar to that used in extracting implied volatilities. It is shown that the iMPR is not linear across strike prices as theory suggests it should. Le prix de marché du risque est conceptuellement l'un des artéfacts les plus importants de la finance moderne puisqu'il établit le lien entre les modèles d'équilibre et les modèles d'évaluation par arbitrage de l'établissement des prix des dérivés. Dans le présent article, le prix de marché du risque est dérivé pour les options sur contrats à terme de bovins vivants. Il offre une technique pour extraire le prix de marché implicite du risque qui est conceptuellement similaire à celle utilisée pour extraire les volatilités implicites. Il est montré que le prix de marché implicite du risque n'est pas linéaire pour tous les prix de levée comme la théorie semble l'indiquer.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.017 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.004 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".