Bibliographic record
Abstract
The first depression of the twenty-first century appears to contain some unusual properties in the United States. In the midst of an economy in its fourth year of oscillating between stagnation and recession, the companies in the Standard & Poor's 500 stock index were expected to report record profits in 2011, and corporate profit as a share of the economy is at a fifty-year high. Productivity growth in the past decade, at more than 2.5 percent, is higher than in the 1970s, 1980s, and 1990s. And yet there is little appetite or competitive drive to invest. Two questions come to mind: Why are profits high, and why not invest them? High rates of exploitation, low taxes, and speculation generate high profits in production, and rents captured from debt-laden households and commodity prices explain the high profitability. The divorce of the capitalist class from its domestic economy, the debts of which are so high as to make investments too uncertain, explains the low investment rate. The paper examines the theoretical implications of these developments, with particular attention to their implications for theorizing the capitalist drive to accumulate.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.005 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.005 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.007 | 0.007 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.005 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.029 | 0.008 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".