PVYn and Potato Wart Disease Outbreaks in Prince Edward Island: Policy Response and Analysis
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study analyzed the impact of PVYn and potato wart disease outbreaks in PEI on the potato industry. The two disease outbreaks resulted in loss of the U.S. seed export market to PEI producers. The effects of the disease outbreaks were mitigated through value‐added processing. Price premiums for processed potatoes allowed PEI potato farmers to abandon seed export and helped to sustain financial viability potato production. Policy responses to the two disease outbreaks include (i) development of zones policies, which helped to reopen markets into the United States, and (ii) compensation to producers above the minimum levels required under the federal Seeds Act and Regulations. Implementation of the zones policy had beneficial impacts on the potato industry. In contrast, compensation above minimum requirements may set a costly precedent for future disease outbreaks. Dans la présente étude, nous avons analysé les répercussions des flambées de virus PVYn et de galle variqueuse à l'Î.‐P.‐É. sur l'industrie de la pomme de terre. En raison de ces flambées, les producteurs de l'Î.‐P.‐É. ont perdu le marché d'exportation de la pomme de terre de semence vers les États‐Unis. La transformation à valeur ajoutée a aidéà atténuer les répercussions. Les bonifications reçues pour la pomme de terre transformée ont permis aux producteurs de l'Î.‐P.‐É. d'abandonner le marché d'exportation de la pomme de terre de semence et ont contribuéà maintenir la viabilité financière de cette production. Les réactions politiques à ces deux flambées ont inclus: i) l'élaboration de politiques en fonction des zones qui a favorisé la réouverture des marchés étatsuniens; ii) le versement d'indemnisations supérieures à celles prévues par la Loi sur les semences et le Règlement sur les semences. La mise en vigueur de politiques en fonction des zones a eu des effets bénéfiques sur l'industrie. Toutefois, le versement d'indemnisations supérieures aux exigences minimales pourrait créer un précédent coûteux advenant de futures flambées de maladies.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.006 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".