Abortive seed development in Ulmus minor (Ulmaceae)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Three genotypes of field elm (Ulmus minor) were studied to determine the structural basis of seed abortion in this species. In the non-abortive control, P-VV1, the pattern of seed development is similar to many flowering plants. The embryo progresses through defined morphological stages leading to developmental arrest as the seed matures. Storage products are abundant within embryo cells. Endosperm development is similar to the nuclear type; however, a more extensive cellularization of the endosperm occurs prior to it being crushed by the expanding embryo. For the abortive genotypes, M-SF1 and V-JR1, abnormalities in endosperm development are found. This is judged by the early cellularization and the massive synthesis of the PAS-positive material in the cellular endosperm. In these abortive genotypes, embryo development is delayed and storage products failed to accumulate within embryo cells. After seed desiccation, no living embryo tissue remains within the seed coat in the abortive genotypes.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".