Flexural behaviour of concrete beams strengthened with prestressed carbon fibre reinforced polymer sheets subjected to sustained loading and low temperature
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper presents results of an experimental investigation that examined concrete beams post-tensioned with bonded carbon fibre reinforced polymer (CFRP) sheets and then exposed to either room (+22 °C) or low (-28 °C) temperatures. The primary objective of this investigation was to assess the flexural behaviour of the strengthened beams after sustained loadings at both room and low temperatures. The strengthened beams showed significant increases in flexural stiffness and ultimate capacity as compared with the control-unstrengthened beams. Failure of the strengthened beams was by tensile rupture of the prestressed CFRP sheets. Test results showed that the long-term and low temperature effects did not adversely affect the strength of the beams. Long-term loading and low temperature exposure caused prestress losses in the CFRP sheets. The loaddeflection behaviour of the long-term beams was predicted accurately by an analytical model. These results suggest that bonded prestressed CFRP sheets could be used to increase the strength of damaged prestressed concrete girders under extreme environmental conditions.Key words: strengthening, anchorage, low temperature, long-term, prestress losses, sustained load, carbon fibre reinforced polymer sheet.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".