A proposal for an extended dual descriptor: a possible solution when Frontier Molecular Orbital Theory fails
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
In this paper, we introduce new local descriptors in the framework of Conceptual Density Functional Theory. They can be considered as an extension of the dual descriptor [Morell et al., J. Phys. Chem. A, 2005, 109, 205]. These indices are particularly suited for the discrimination between electrophilic and nucleophilic sites inside a molecule. They are computed using the densities of the electronic excited states, giving a picture of the polarization of the electron density induced by the approach of a reactant. Links with the linear-response function are discussed, and the first examples of applications are given, highlighting how these new descriptors can be used in practice for reactivity studies. It has been found that this extension of the dual descriptor can handle tricky cases, such as nitrobenzene or isoquinoline, for which Frontier Molecular Orbital Theory fails.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it