Demonstration of intracellular<i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>in bovine mastitis alveolar cells and macrophages isolated from naturally infected cow milk
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Numerous in vitro studies have demonstrated that Staphylococcus aureus may be internalized and survive in a bovine mammary epithelial cell line. We report here the presence of internalized and living S. aureus in alveolar cells and macrophages in milk samples of bovine mastitis. We used fluorochrome labeled monoclonal antibodies, specifically recognizing surface cell markers of bovine alveolar cells and macrophages, to isolate these two types of cells using fluorescence activated cell sorting. Extracellular bacteria and DNA were previously eliminated to exclude possible contamination. In order to detect intracellular bacterial DNA inside the isolated cells, we used PCR amplification of bacterial DNA and the PCR products were analyzed by Southern blot with a specific probe for Staphylococcus. The results showed the presence of Staphylococcus DNA inside the two isolated populations of cells, confirming that S. aureus could penetrate alveolar cells and macrophages. The demonstration of the presence of intracellular living S. aureus was determined by bacteriological culture of positive samples plated onto blood agar plates and by its further identification. Our results showed for the first time that living S. aureus and its DNA are present in both alveolar cells and macrophages in chronically infected cow milk.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it