Analysis of humeral head displacements from sequences of biplanar X-rays: repeatability study and preliminary results in healthy subjects
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
This work presents an accurate method to measure gleno-humeral translations in a controlled pseudo-kinematic environment. Low-dose biplanar X-rays were acquired from nine healthy subjects at three elevations of the arm in the scapular plane. On each set of images, shoulder bony landmarks were manually located in 3D using a dedicated software. Intra-observer and inter-observer repeatability of landmark identification, as well as humeral head center (GH) translations, were studied. Repeatability for the identification of GH in the global coordinate system (CS) was good with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) ranging from 0.57 to 2.25 mm. Scapular landmark CIs ranged from 0.80 to 12 mm. Gleno-humeral translations of small amplitude ( < 6 mm) were detected in seven out of nine subjects. The results obtained here confirm that calibrated low-dose stereo-radiography is a promising tool for the functional analysis of the shoulder.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it