Calpastatin reduces toxicity of SOD1G93A in a culture model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is an adult-onset, rapidly progressing, fatal disease occurring in both familial and sporadic forms. Mutations in the gene encoding Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD1) cause ALS through a gain of toxic function. Calpain activity is increased in mutant SOD1 (SOD1(G93A)) transgenic mice and in models of ischemia because of increased cytosolic calcium, which has been documented in motor neurons in rodent models of familial ALS and in sporadic ALS patients. We report that inhibition of calpain activity using calpastatin prevented the toxicity of SOD1(G93A) in motor neurons of dissociated spinal cord cultures, prolonging viability of and reducing the proportion containing SOD1(G93A) inclusions. The data support the central role of calcium dysregulation in ALS and identify a potential therapeutic pathway.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".