Resource usage in outpatient care and reimbursement for cystic fibrosis in Germany
Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Objective of this study is to assess and evaluate resource use in outpatient treatment in Germany and to compare it with remuneration. METHODS: Outpatient treatment was evaluated in seven different centers for pediatric and adult CF patients. Data were recorded during one representative month in 2006. A micro-costing approach was used to value resource use data. RESULTS: For outpatient treatment mean costs (excluding drugs) of 488 € per patient per quarter occurred. Correlation analyses identified significant cost drivers including age and co-morbidities (pancreatic insufficiency, hepatobiliary complications, lung function capacity, or bacterial lung colonization). Remuneration covered only 51% of the total costs (252 € per patient/quarter). CONCLUSIONS: As the human resources available to these centers today are already below the requirements set by the European consensus for standards of CF care it will be important for a high level of patient care to reach a cost-covering remuneration scheme.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".