A 108-GHz Retimer Based on 1.8V QUASI-ECL MOS-HBT SiGe BiCMOS Logic
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper describes the first full-rate retimer operating with clock frequencies above 100- GHz. The circuit includes a digitally-controlled equalizer with over 30 dB of peaking control at 55- 60GHz, a 108-GHz flip-flop, and a DC- to-108 GHz clock amplifier. It consumes 540 mW from a 1.8V supply corresponding to an energy efficiency of 5pJ/bit. Equalization was demonstrated over 6m of coaxial cable at 40 Gb/s and 36 Gb/s with full-rate, 2x, and 3x oversampling clocks at 80 GHz and 108 GHz, respectively, and at 75 Gb/s with 75-GHz clock between two probe stations using wafer probes and a 3-m long coaxial cable.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.009 | 0.007 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; both teacher heads agree on what is shown here.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".