Pituitary, Pancreatic and Gut Neuroendocrine Defects in Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase- Sigma-Deficient Mice
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The expression of receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase sigma (PTPfinal sigma) is developmentally regulated in neuronal and neuroendocrine tissues. We have previously shown that mice deficient in PTPfinal sigma demonstrate nervous system abnormalities, pituitary hypoplasia, increased neonatal mortality (60%), and death from a wasting syndrome at 2-3 wk of age (38%). We have now examined the role of PTPfinal sigma on pituitary, pancreas and enteroendocrine cytodifferentiation, hormone production, and development. The adenohypophyses of PTPfinal sigma(-/-) mice were small and exhibited reduced GH and PRL immunoreactivity. Cells containing TSH, LH, FSH, ACTH, pituitary-specific POU homeodomain factor (Pit-1), ER, and steroidogenic factor 1 were found in normal proportions and distributions. The diminished expression of GH and PRL was not associated with apoptosis of somatotrophs or lactotrophs. Pit-1-positive TSH-negative cells were detected, suggesting that impaired GH and PRL synthesis was not attributable to Pit-1 deficiency. In the knockout mice, pancreatic islets were hypoplastic with reduced insulin immunoreactivity, and there was also variable expression of gut hormones. Functionally, the GH deficiency was associated with hypoglycemia and death in the PTPfinal sigma(-/-) neonate and accordingly, ip administration of GH rescued the PTPfinal sigma(-/-) neonate and normalized the blood glucose. These data indicate that PTPfinal sigma plays a major role in differentiation and development of the neuroendocrine system.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".