EVOLUTION OF PARTICLE DIAMETERS AND PARTICLE VELOCITIES DURING LIQUID METAL ATOMIZATION
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Gas atomization of liquid metal using the De Laval nozzle is one of the most efficient processes in terms of powder quality including size and composition criteria and in terms of inert gas consumption used to atomize liquid metal. However, the comprehension of the involved events is at that time of prime importance to optimize this process and the researches are focused on both experimental and modelling approaches. For example, very few experimental data are available on liquid metal atomization because of the difficulty to achieve measurements very close to the atomization area. The paper concerns some experimental results obtained with Al−5 wt.% Mn metal spraying. The evolution of the powder characteristics, i.e., particle-size distribution and particle velocity during the process were investigated. Then, some particles were collected in different samples during the atomization process and the relationship between the atomizing pressure and the resulting powder size was analyzed. The particle image velocimetry (PIV) has been used to measure the particle velocity in the atomizing chamber. The results were determined as a function of the process parameters.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".