Cultural and PCR-based identification of the two most common fungi from cankers on container-grown Norway spruce seedlings
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Assays were made to identify the most common fungi in cankers occurring on container seedlings of Norway spruce. The fungi isolated from cankers were first separated into morphological groups based on colony color, growth rate, and pattern on malt extract agar. Profiling of 18S rDNA indicated that several operational taxonomic units (OTUs) inhabited the cankers, some (OTU1 and OTU2) of which could be linked to mycelial cultures also isolated from the cankers. In addition, OTU1 could be linked to isolates originating from damped-off seedlings. Although the cultures linked to OTU1 differed morphologically from each other, the random amplified microsatellite analysis showed that they were genetically highly similar and represented a single species. Later, when these cultures were kept in natural sunlight, they all produced conidia morphologically similar to Sirococcus conigenus. Also, their partial 18S rDNA sequence was identical to that of S. conigenus in GenBank. The other common fungus (OTU2) was not possible to identify to species level, but based on comparisons with sequences in GenBank, it was closely related to Phoma herbarum. In preliminary tests, both S. conigenus (OTU1) and P. herbarum related fungus (OTU2) were pathogenic to Norway spruce seedlings.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".