Characterization of Conical Ionic Liquid Ion Sources for 2-D Electrospray Thruster Arrays on Porous Substrates
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Emission data from a new geometry of Ionic Liquid Ion Sources using porous materials are presented. Ionic liquids are molten salts at room temperature which have near zero vapour pressure. When used in electrospray thrusters, these sources provide an efficient thrust mechanism and, due to their low vapor pressure, eliminate the need for complex propellant feed systems. By emitting pure ion beams rather than mixed ion/droplet emission, small high efficiency thrusters capable of providing specific impulse levels of several thousand seconds can be realized. The latest developments of these thrusters, using conical emitters micro-fabricated from porous substrates, are presented. Porous substrates provide liquid flow over a wide range of emitted currents, accommodating steady, stable emission of ion beams. Conical type emitters, fabricated on a planar porous substrate are well suited for high density 2-D arrays as they allow for both passive propellant feed through the bulk and simplified grid alignment compared with arrays formed from multiple emitter array substrates. This paper confirms that such conical emitters can provide beam currents of 100's of nA up to several μA with beams composed of pure ions with no charged droplets detected, as has previously been observed using alternative emitter geometries.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".