Development of a Trailing Vortex Formed with Spanwise Tip Jets
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Trailing vortices from a NACA0015 (AR = 5) wing were formed with spanwise tip jets to allow the study of vortex core distortions on the development of vortex size and speed. The wing-tip jets were formed from small holes arranged along the periphery of the wing cross section. Experiments covered a wide range of tip jet blowing rates for a fixed-wing incidence of 5 deg and chord Reynolds number of 10 5 . Measurements of mean velocity, mean vorticity, and turbulence kinetic energy in the wake were made up to 32 chords downwind using hot-wire anemometry. The tip vortex was observed to envelop the jet and subsequently grow in diameter at a substantially higher rate than the vortex formed without tip jets. The circumferential speed of the vortex formed with tip jets was higher in the near field, but declined sharply with downstream distance. At 32 chords downwind, the vortex formed with tip jets evolved into an axisymmetric form similar to a natural vortex, but with a diameter up to three times larger and a peak circumferential velocity three times less. The turbulence intensity measured on the vortex core was 30% in the near wake and 10% at 32 chords downwind.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".