Green's functions, source signatures, and the normalization of teleseismic wave fields
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We examine the canonical source/Green's function separation problem in the context of teleseismic P wave scattering from receiver‐side crust and upper mantle structure. Conventional “receiver function” analysis affords a leading order approximation to the S component of the Green's function but provides no information on P ‐to‐ P scattering. We demonstrate that an improved estimate of the three‐dimensional Earth's Green's function, including scattered P contributions, can be achieved through consideration of its theoretical spectral properties. Under conditions typical of the real Earth the P component of the Green's function is shown to be minimum phase. This behavior is responsible for the success of receiver functions in mantle studies. The minimum‐phase property is used here to normalize the source signature on P wave seismograms, thereby facilitating implementation of multichannel, multicomponent deconvolution of both Green's function and source signature within the log spectral domain. Examples using both synthetic simulations and seismograms recorded on the Canadian National Seismograph Network illustrate the recovery of accurate and reproducible estimates of the P wave Green's function. Our approach can be adapted to a range of source‐receiver configurations. In particular, it may prove useful in the recovery of compressional properties beneath portable, field arrays where calibration is provided by nearby, permanent installations.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".