Design of super-hydrophobic microporous polytetrafluoroethylene membranes
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) membranes with unique structures were fabricated from a mixture of a PTFE emulsion and a poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) aqueous solution. The formation of the micro–nano structures in the PTFE membrane was ascribed to PTFE crystallization. By controlling the cooling rate during membrane formation, various PTFE membranes with different structures and properties prepared, which showed a super-hydrophobicity with a water static contact angle (155°) and a sliding angle (8.3°) owing to their micro–nano structures. The results of DSC thermal analysis, XRD and polarized light microscope examination revealed that the micro–nano structures in the membrane were derived from improved PTFE crystallization during the cold-stretching process, resulting in a crystalline phase comprising of the micro aggregates and an amorphous phase comprising of the nano structures. The resulting membrane was shown to be highly porous while still maintaining a super-hydrophobicity. A critical transmembrane pressure of as high as 0.65 MPa was achieved because of the super-hydrophobicity of the membrane. The membranes were further investigated for use in vacuum membrane distillation (VMD), and the effects of membrane structures on the water vapour flux were studied. The VMD flux increased obviously with the increase in membrane pore size when the membrane suffered stretching.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it