An Evolutionary Footprint of Age-Related Natural Selection in Mitochondrial DNA
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
By comparing mtDNA sequences between different orders of mammals, we show that both longevity and generation time are significantly correlated with the nucleotide content of the mtDNA. Specifically, there is a positive correlation between generation time and mt GC content. This correlation is repeated, at a finer evolutionary scale, within the primates. Moreover, a comparison of human and chimpanzee mtDNAs shows that the effect has been very pronounced during the short evolutionary period since the divergence of these two species, with human mtDNA showing a GC-biased pattern of substitution at the variable sites. In addition to these DNA sequence patterns, comparisons between the human and the chimp mt protein sequences also revealed a surprisingly high substitution rate for threonine residues, resulting in a reduction of threonine in the human mt proteome. These patterns of both DNA and protein evolution can be explained by a balance between AT-biased mutational pressure and age-related purifying selection.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it