Instabilities and turbulence originating from relaxation phenomena behind shock waves
Bibliographic record
Abstract
When a strong shock propagates through a medium with internal degrees of freedom, the thermal equilibration involves the transfer of the mechanical energy imparted by the shock to the medium's internal modes. In gases, for example, this energy relaxation within the shock structure involves the re-distribution of the translational thermal energy of the molecules into rotational, vibrational, and electronic modes via inelastic collisions. In the present work, using a toy molecular model, we study the dynamics of shock waves driven through such a dissipative gas, characterized by inelastic collisions. The medium is modelled as a system of hard disks (2D) undergoing either elastic or inelastic collisions. Inelastic collisions are only allowed if the amplitude of the collision exceeds a certain activation threshold. When the medium allows finite dissipation, we find that the shock waves are unstable and form distinctive high density non-uniformities and convective rolls on their surface. The results obtained may shed light on the instabilities observed experimentally behind strong shock waves triggering ionization, vibrational relaxation and dissociation.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".