Suberin lamellae of the onion root endodermis: their pattern of development and continuity
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In many plant species, suberin lamellae are deposited in the cells of the endodermis. Some cells near the xylem poles tend to remain without these lamellae and are known as “passage cells”. To develop a three-dimensional picture of the pattern of suberin lamella deposition, procedures were developed to isolate large pieces of onion endodermis and to stain their suberin lamellae for various types of microscopy. Sudan red 7B proved satisfactory with white-light, Fluorol yellow and berberine with epifluorescence, and Nile red with confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). Lamella deposition commenced in a few cells 10 mm from the root tip and then proceeded in a scattered manner. However, lamella deposition in more cells (seen 125–155 mm from the root tip) resulted in the formation of longitudinal files of cells with lamellae alternating with files of passage cells. In older regions (255–285 mm from the tip), almost all cells had deposited suberin lamellae, leaving only a few passage cells. At higher magnification, three-dimensional reconstructions of CLSM images of endodermal suberin lamellae revealed that they are perforated by pores all along the roots. Such pores could serve as points for water and ions to enter the cytoplasm of the endodermis.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".