Developing High‐Protein, High‐Yield Soybean Populations and Lines
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Developing high‐yielding, high‐protein soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.] lines is difficult because of the inverse relationship between seed yield and seed protein content. The objective of this study was to evaluate single cross and rapid back cross breeding methods to achieve both high seed yield and high protein content. ‘AC Proteus’ was used as the high‐protein source and ‘Maple Glen’ was used as the adapted high‐yielding parent. Six single plants were randomly selected from each of 149 F 3 progeny rows to develop 886 single cross derived lines. Reciprocal back cross populations were made using 60 F 1 plants from the single cross and the high‐yielding parent, Maple Glen. Ten single plant selections were randomly taken from each of 80 F 1 ‐derived families to develop 800 back cross derived lines. In 1994, all lines were tested in the field. About 20% of lines were retained for testing through this breeding project from 1994 to 1996 although selection intensity differed across populations and years. In 1997, six single cross and nine back cross lines were tested at six locations in Eastern Canada. The seed yield and protein content of the single cross lines were not significantly different from the back cross derived lines. All the selected lines had higher seed protein content than did Maple Glen. Both breeding strategies produced lines with significantly higher seed protein content than Maple Glen. However, none of these lines had significantly higher seed yield than Maple Glen or a recently released high protein cultivar, AC Proteina. These populations exhibited a very low or no association between seed yield and protein ( r = −0.06 to −0.21). Therefore, the parents may be useful sources of alleles which do not exhibit the usual pleiotrophic effect of low seed yield and high seed protein. The use of a back cross to the adapted parent following the single cross was not beneficial in the development of high yielding lines.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it