Renewal and circulation of intermediate waters in the Canadian Basin observed on the SCICEX 96 cruise
Bibliographic record
Abstract
During the summer of 1996 the nuclear submarine USS Pogy occupied a line of stations extending through the middle of the Canadian Basin between about 88°N, 44°W (Lomonosov Ridge) and about 78°N, 144°W (center of the Canada Basin). CTD/Niskin bottle casts extending to 1600 m were carried out at eight stations, providing the first high‐quality temperature, salinity, CFC, tritium, and 3 He data obtained from this region, although XCTD data had previously been collected in this region. These data, along with data from stations at the basin boundary to the south and west, reveal the presence of well‐ventilated intermediate water beneath the halocline in the center of the Canada Basin, indicating renewal times of the order of 1–2 decades. The least ventilated intermediate water was observed at the northern end of the Canada Basin along the southern flank of the Alpha Ridge. Intermediate water is derived from the Atlantic Ocean and enters the Arctic Ocean through Fram Strait and the Barents Sea. It flows around the Arctic basins in boundary currents and splits in the eastern Amundsen Basin with one branch crossing the Lomonosov Ridge and flowing along the East Siberian continental slope and the other flowing along the Eurasian flank of the Lomonosov Ridge. From the 1996 Scientific Ice Expedition (SCICEX 96) observations we conclude that the branch that flows along the East Siberian continental slope transports this water to the Chukchi Rise, where it apparently enters the central Canada Basin with some flow continuing along the boundary to the southern Canada Basin. The Fram Strait Branch Water mixes extensively with waters from the Canadian Basin during its transit along the East Siberian continental slope, being diluted by a factor of about 5 by the time it reaches the central Canada Basin. The Barents Sea Branch Water does not undergo such extensive mixing and is diluted by a factor of only about 2 when it reaches the central Canada Basin.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".