Adoption of I2 Vaccine in Immunization of Village Chickens against Newcastle Disease Virus in Southern Tanzania: Immune Status of Farmer Vaccinated Birds
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Newcastle disease (ND) is an economically important disease of poultry for which vaccination is applied as a preventive measure in many countries. In June 2009 we conducted a survey to establish the immune status of village chickens against ND virus in villages where vaccination programs, using thermotolerant ND I2 vaccine were adopted by farmers in southern Tanzania. One hundred farmers from ten villages in three district councils were involved. Blood samples were collected from 499 chickens and sera harvested for Hemmagglutination Inhibition (HI) test. Results indicated that 73.3% of the sampled birds had protective levels of antibodies against ND virus. A significantly large proportional of vaccinated adult chickens attained protective immunity as compared to growers and chicks. We recommend advocating ND I2 in other village chicken keeping communities of the country for ND control. Additionally farmers need to be educated on control measures for other important diseases of village chickens.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".