The competitive experience of UK SMEs: Fair and unfair
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
AbstractAlthough there has been a considerable amount of research undertaken on the impact of competition policy upon (large) enterprises and upon consumers, there is almost no work that examines any link between competition policy and SMEs. This paper addresses this issue. It finds that one third of firms are aware of anti-competitive practices such as price fixing, cartels and tender agreements and one quarter have actually been victims of such practices. Its second key finding is that SME victims’ most likely response is to ‘shrug their shoulders and get on with it’. The third key finding is that this reaction is considerably less likely amongst male owners of larger SMEs who have a degree-level qualification. This implies the competition authorities have to recognise that SMEs can be the victims of anti-competitive behaviour, but the latter’s response to this reflects the diversity that characterises the SME population.Keywords: SMEscompetition policyanti-competitive practiceowner agegendereducation
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it