Bibliographic record
Abstract
Many genes inherited from the alpha-proteobacterial ancestor of mitochondria have undergone evolutionary transfer to the nuclear genome in eukaryotes. In some rare cases, genes have been functionally transferred in pieces, resulting in split proteins that presumably interact in trans within mitochondria, fulfilling the same role as the ancestral, intact protein. We describe a nucleus-encoded mitochondrial protein (here named Cox1-c) in the amoeboid protist Acanthamoeba castellanii that is homologous to the C-terminal portion of conventional mitochondrial Cox1, whereas the corresponding portion of the mitochondrion-encoded A. castellanii Cox1 is absent. Bioinformatics searches retrieved nucleus-encoded Cox1-c homologs in most major eukaryotic supergroups; in these cases, also, the mitochondrion-encoded Cox1 lacks the corresponding C-terminal motif. These data constitute the first report of functional relocation of a portion of cox1 to the nucleus. This transfer event was likely ancient, with the resulting nuclear cox1-c being differentially activated across the eukaryotic domain.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".