Critical review of passive muscle stretch: implications for the treatment of children in vegetative and minimally conscious states
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The efficacy of passive muscle stretch in the treatment of children in vegetative (VS) and minimally conscious (MCS) states is reviewed. Seventeen studies are critically reviewed. Study quality was evaluated using a quality filter adapted from Guyatt. Levels of evidence were assigned to each study using criteria based on Sackett's guidelines and a recent adaptation of those guidelines. Based on these levels of evidence, specific recommendations were made. These recommendations were classified as grade A, B, C or D depending on the levels of evidence used to generate them. There is limited evidence to support the efficacy of passive muscle stretch to improve range of motion and reduce spasticity in children in VS and MCS. Caution must be used when interpreting these recommendations because of the limited number of studies available and the extrapolation of study results from a different population. Further research is needed to strengthen these recommendations and establish the efficacy of passive muscle stretch in the treatment of children in VS and MCS.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.007 | 0.031 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.006 | 0.003 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.009 | 0.010 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.007 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".