Independent Measurement of the Total Active<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mmultiscripts><mml:mi mathvariant="normal">B</mml:mi><mml:mprescripts/><mml:none/><mml:mn>8</mml:mn></mml:mmultiscripts></mml:math>Solar Neutrino Flux Using an Array of<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mmultiscripts><mml:mi>He</mml:mi><mml:mprescripts/><mml:none/><mml:mn>3</mml:mn></mml:mmultiscripts></mml:math>Proportional Counters at the Sudbury Neutrino Observatory
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The Sudbury Neutrino Observatory (SNO) used an array of $^{3}\mathrm{He}$ proportional counters to measure the rate of neutral-current interactions in heavy water and precisely determined the total active (${\ensuremath{\nu}}_{x}$) $^{8}\mathrm{B}$ solar neutrino flux. This technique is independent of previous methods employed by SNO. The total flux is found to be ${5.54}_{\ensuremath{-}0.31}^{+0.33}(\mathrm{\text{stat}}{)}_{\ensuremath{-}0.34}^{+0.36}(\mathrm{\text{syst}})\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{6}\text{ }\text{ }{\mathrm{cm}}^{\ensuremath{-}2}\text{ }{\mathrm{s}}^{\ensuremath{-}1}$, in agreement with previous measurements and standard solar models. A global analysis of solar and reactor neutrino results yields $\ensuremath{\Delta}{m}^{2}={7.59}_{\ensuremath{-}0.21}^{+0.19}\ifmmode\times\else\texttimes\fi{}{10}^{\ensuremath{-}5}\text{ }\text{ }{\mathrm{eV}}^{2}$ and $\ensuremath{\theta}={34.4}_{\ensuremath{-}1.2}^{+1.3}$ degrees. The uncertainty on the mixing angle has been reduced from SNO's previous results.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.010 | 0.004 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".