Investigating Malaysian Secondary School Mathematics Teachers’ Perception of National Philosophy of Education
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to investigate the Malaysian secondary schools mathematics teachers’ perceptions towards the National Philosophy of Education (NPE) and its applications in their teaching practices in their classes. A qualitative and case study approach was used for this study. The participants were secondary schools teachers of mathematics with at least three years of teaching experiences in eighth grade (Form 2), who were selected using the snowball sampling method. Due to the aim of this study and in order to identify the teachers’ perceptions of the national philosophy of education, interviews were conducted with seven teachers, and it was counterchecked with the documents of the Ministry of Education (MOE) in Malaysia to find out how familiar the participants were with the MOE aims and guidelines. Moreover, observations were conducted to examine teaching practices of the teachers to find out how they reflect on the guidelines of Malaysia MOE in determining their teaching practices. Analysis of the data revealed that the teachers had some knowledge of national philosophy of education in Malaysia. However, they had different perspectives of the aims and objectives of NPE so that each of them came up with her own approach. Furthermore, the teachers and MOE aims were to build up individuals who deeply believe in God and they attempted to adopt the educational syllabus of Malaysian schools to achieve the national goals toward producing the knowledgeable and competent students in Malaysia.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.005 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".