The psychosocial impact of anaphylaxis on young people and their parents
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Anaphylaxis is a potentially life-threatening disorder that can affect people of all ages. Young people are at a disproportionately increased risk of anaphylaxis deaths for reasons that include a failure to institute appropriate long-term management regimens. A pre-requisite for effective supported self-management of young people with anaphylaxis is a better understanding of the factors that contribute to risk-taking behaviour. OBJECTIVE: To explore the psychosocial impact of living with anaphylaxis on adolescents and their parents; their management of the condition; and perceptions of health care provision. METHODS: In-depth interviews were conducted with 15 participants, these comprising of seven adolescents aged between 13 and 16 years with a history of clinician-diagnosed anaphylaxis and eight of their parents, in this Scottish community-based exploratory qualitative study. RESULTS: Adolescents in this study typically perceived anaphylaxis as 'no big deal', describing a relatively low impact on their day-to-day life when compared with their parents. This could largely be explained by the fact that most adolescents could not remember an anaphylactic reaction. Key obstacles to effective long-term self-management included inadequate knowledge to support detailed situation-specific risk assessment, this being compounded by a lack of confidence to make further enquiries about the ingredients of meals when with peers. Parents reported anxiety about 'handing over' the main responsibility for avoidance and emergency management to their children. Medical support for these families was very limited, with primary care teams in some cases actively hindering effective self-management. CONCLUSION: Having a child with anaphylaxis can have a significant long-term psychological impact on parents and this anxiety may in some cases be transferred from parents onto their children. Parents and adolescents may benefit from tailored information to support the transition from parental- to self-management by adolescents. Access to appropriate national health service primary and specialist care was in some cases currently inadequate to support effective long-term management. Further, more in-depth research in a more heterogeneous group of adolescents is needed.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.005 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".