Genetic structure of growth and phenological traits in<i>Salix viminalis</i>
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The genetic structure of Salix viminalis L. for different growth traits and bud flush has been studied. The aim was also to study differences in the genetic structure due to geographic origin and type of trait. Two incomplete factorial crossings with parental clones originating from Poland and Sweden were used. Growth traits showed a high amount of dominance genetic variance independent of parental origin. It is suggested that inbreeding depression found in S. viminalis could be a biological cause of the high levels of dominance as an alternative to overestimation due to epistasis. There were significant differences in amount of dominance genetic variance between the two origins for three of the nine growth traits. The higher number of characters influenced by dominance in the pedigree with Swedish origin can possibly be explained by linkage disequilibrium, since S. viminalis in Sweden has been introduced from Germany and Poland, and no sexual propagation of the species in Sweden has been reported. Bud flush showed high additive genetic variance in contrast to the growth traits. In the breeding for biomass production of S. viminalis, the high amount of dominance has to be taken into consideration.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".