Usage of Saliva as Alternative Biological Fluid to Serum for Minerals, Energetic and Hormones Assessment in Lactating Egyptian Water Buffaloes
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Blood sample is the most common biological fluid utilized for diagnosis and monitoring of diseases. Saliva contains locally produced substances as well as serum component, so the aim of this study is to compare the profile of minerals, energetic and hormones in Egyptian water buffaloes. Blood serum and saliva samples were collected from 80 healthy multiparous, non- pregnant lactating Egyptian water buffaloes. Both fluids were tested for sodium, potassium, chloride, calcium, phosphorous, magnesium, insulin, cortisol, ACTH, glucose, urea, creatinine, total protein and immunoglobulin [IgA]. The results revealed that, serum concentrations of calcium, glucose, total protein, sodium, chloride, Insulin, cortisol, ACTH and IgA were significantly higher than saliva. In contrast, the concentrations of potassium and phosphorous in the saliva were significantly higher than that of serum. On the other hand no significant change in respect of urea, creatinine and magnesium was noted between saliva and serum. The relationships between saliva and serum of the estimated parameters were significantly positive except the concentrations of insulin in saliva and blood serum did not correlate. In conclusion, the saliva sample can be used in clinical practice with high level of reliability and provide non-invasive biological fluid for monitoring of different parameters in Egyptian water buffaloes.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".