Global thermospheric atomic oxygen variations observed with the WIND Imaging Interferometer (WINDII): Wave 4 at low and high latitudes
Bibliographic record
Abstract
[1] The O(1S) 557.7 nm atomic oxygen emission as observed in the daytime at 250 km altitude by the WINDII instrument on the UARS satellite is presented as a means of determining atomic oxygen concentrations there. This offers to fill a gap lying between the well-studied MLT region and the upper thermosphere at 400 km. At 250 km the O(1S) emission is dominantly produced by the impact of photoelectrons on atomic oxygen, so that atomic oxygen number densities may be determined simply by dividing the observed volume emission rate by the solar flux. Day-by-day plots of the derived atomic oxygen concentrations are seen to track both the solar flux and Kp, showing reasonable consistency with NRLMSISE-00 values. One of the important issues of this region is the influence on it of the DE3 nonmigrating tide produced by deep tropical convection in the troposphere. At 250 km the resulting wave 4 pattern is seen at the equator in this emission, apparently the result of bunching of smaller-scale N-S elongated features, oriented in the NE to SW direction. Although absent at midlatitudes, the wave 4 appears strongly at high latitudes; the first time this has been reported. As this is not predicted by existing models it presents a challenge for further study. In a polar map of the emission rate the primary features are a wave 1 pattern on which large scale spiral structures are superposed, suggesting transport of atomic oxygen out of the polar cap.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".