Compact Coplanar Waveguide Spiral Antenna With Circular Polarization for Wideband Applications
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This letter presents a compact, uniplanar, circularly polarized, coplanar waveguide (CPW) spiral antenna for wideband applications. The antenna is directly fed by a 50-Ω CPW from the outside edge of the spiral, thus a balun for matching is not required. This feed provides the capability to have an entire uniplanar array of spirals. It is found that a thick substrate of high dielectric constant absorbs most of the radiated power and results in a unidirectional radiation pattern, which is desirable in many applications. Therefore, this antenna structure is fabricated on a substrate of high dielectric constant, resulting in miniaturization and capability for integrated system applications. It is experimentally verified that the proposed spiral antenna has stable radiation pattern, and its axial ratio is less than 3 dB over the frequency range of 11.4-17.5 GHz.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".