Bibliographic record
Abstract
This essay revisits the life of Oliver Cromwell and offers new perspectives on his emergence from provincial obscurity up to and beyond his 40th birthday to become one of Britain’s most brilliant generals, a king-killer, and one of the most controversial heads of state. It looks at the silence of the records and seeks to interrogate that silence: the silence that lies behind texts that are so meretricious to have lain unused; texts that used coded language that need to be explained, and the silence that is imposed by the winners but which draws attention to itself and is capable of revealing the secrets it seeks to hide. The essay offers major new interpretations of Cromwell’s (radical) life before 1640, of his role at the Putney Debates and in the trial and execution of Charles I, and of how close attention to his biblical rhetoric reveals important aspects of his thought and action.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.009 | 0.036 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.037 | 0.058 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.011 | 0.010 |
| Open science | 0.003 | 0.010 |
| Research integrity | 0.010 | 0.014 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".