Quantitative Ultrasound Characterization of Responses to Radiotherapy in Cancer Mouse Models
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
PURPOSE: Currently, no imaging modality is used routinely to assess tumor responses to radiotherapy within hours to days after the delivery of treatment. In this study, we show the application of quantitative ultrasound methods to characterize tumor responses to cancer radiotherapy in vivo, as early as 24 hours after treatment administration. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Three mouse models of head and neck cancer were exposed to radiation doses of 0, 2, 4, and 8 Gray. Data were collected with an ultrasound scanner using frequencies of 10 to 30 MHz. Ultrasound estimates calculated from normalized power spectra and parametric images (spatial maps of local estimates of ultrasound parameters) were used as indicators of response. RESULTS: Two of the mouse models (FaDu and C666-1) exhibited large hyperechoic regions at 24 hours after radiotherapy. The ultrasound integrated backscatter increased by 6.5 to 8.2 dB (P < 0.001) and the spectral slopes increased from 0.77 to 0.90 dB/MHz for the C666-1 tumors and from 0.54 to 0.78 dB/MHz for the FaDu tumors (P < 0.05), in these regions compared with preirradiated tumors. The hyperechoic regions in the ultrasound images corresponded in histology to areas of cell death. Parametric images could discern the tumor regions that responded to treatment. The other cancer mouse model (Hep-2) was resistant to radiotherapy. CONCLUSIONS: The results indicate that cell structural changes after radiotherapy have a significant influence on ultrasound spectral parameters. This provides a foundation for future investigations regarding the use of ultrasound in cancer patients to individualize treatments noninvasively based on their responses to specific interventions.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it