Invasive Group A Streptococcal Disease in Alberta, Canada (2000 to 2002)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Invasive group A streptococcal (iGAS) disease was placed under surveillance in Alberta in August 1999. The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence rates of iGAS infections throughout Alberta over a 3-year period (2000 to 2002) and to better understand the epidemiology of iGAS in this province. There were a total of 441 cases of invasive GAS disease over the 3 years examined (average population over 3 years, 3,055,765) and 47 deaths. The incidence in Alberta was 5.0 (2000), 5.7 (2001), and 3.8 (2002) per 100,000. The two main metropolitan regions (Edmonton and Calgary) had the majority of iGAS disease cases (305 cases), producing incidence rates of 4.8 (Edmonton) and 6.9 (Calgary) in 2000, 6.9 (Edmonton) and 6.6 (Calgary) in 2001, and 4.1 (Edmonton) and 3.9 (Calgary) in 2002, as well as deaths attributable to GAS (31 deaths). The three most prevalent M types were M1 (71 cases), M3 (52 cases), and MPT2967 (44 cases). With respect to age, the highest incidence rates occurred in those less than 1 year old (11.7 per 100,000) and those 65 years or older (11.5 per 100,000). Varicella virus infection preceded iGAS disease in 25% of children 8 years of age and under. A seasonal association was observed during the 3 years studied, with the highest number of cases occurring in the winter months and the lowest occurring during the summer months. The data for years 2000 and 2001 show that the metropolitan regions of Alberta experienced some of the highest incidence rates reported in North America in the past decade.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".