Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To report malignant transformation of an aneurysmal bone cyst in a dog. STUDY DESIGN: Case report. SAMPLE POPULATION: Client-owned dog. RESULTS: A 5-year-old male Labrador retriever was diagnosed with an aneurysmal bone cyst of the distal aspect of the right ulna. Surgical curettage resulted in remission of clinical signs for 33 months. Because of recurrence of clinical signs, a distal ulnar ostectomy was performed. Histopathologic examination of the excised specimen revealed a moderately differentiated chondrosarcoma at the level of the bone cyst. Limb function was normal for 17 months until a subcutaneous mass, determined to be a chondrosarcoma, occurred at the level of the shoulder. A right forequarter amputation was performed. CONCLUSIONS: Aneurysmal bone cysts are benign but may be transformed into a malignancy after surgical manipulation. Complete surgical excision should be attempted where possible. In this case, distal ulnar ostectomy was an effective means of preserving limb function and preventing local recurrence of chondrosarcoma.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".