Vapor generation coupled with furnace atomization plasma emission spectrometry for detection of mercury
Bibliographic record
Abstract
A low power atmospheric pressure plasma source, furnace atomization plasma emission spectrometry (FAPES), was directly coupled to both a conventional chemical vapor generation system based on use of tin chloride reductant as well as a UV-photoreduction system for detection of cold vapor mercury. The resonance line emission at 253.7 nm was monitored. The 70 W low power He plasma was tolerant to the introduction of water vapor from the gas–liquid separator and, with the furnace heated to 400 °C, a precision of measurement of 2.4% RSD at 1 ng mL−1 was achieved. A limit of detection of 250 pg mL−1Hg in river water samples via UV-photoreduction and 240 pg mL−1 using conventional tin chloride reduction was obtained. The LOD could be improved 5-fold through use of a simple gold amalgamation system. Conventional chemical generation of mercury using the NaBH4/HCl system produced too much hydrogen to permit efficient coupling to the FAPES source as the He plasma is extinguished by the load of molecular vapor (i.e., hydrogen).
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".