MRI manifestations of persistent microvascular obstruction and acute left ventricular remodeling in an experimental reperfused myocardial infarction.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
PURPOSE: To investigate varied manifestations of persistent microvascular obstruction (PMO) and acute left ventricular (LV) remodeling in an experimental reperfused myocardial infarction (MI) using MRI. METHODS: In eleven Yorkshire pigs an acute MI was produced through a 90-minute balloon occlusion of the middle left anterior descending coronary artery, followed by reperfusion. All animals underwent MRI examinations on a 1.5T system including a SSFP functional study, first pass myocardial perfusion (FPMP), T1 preparation Look-Locker and delayed contrast-enhanced MRI (DE-MRI). Imaging was performed immediately post-intervention (day 0) and at days 7-9. In four animals a repeat MRI examination was performed at day 2 as well. Upon study completion, animals underwent histological analysis including infarct assessment with triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC). RESULTS: Following reperfusion, Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) Flow grade 3 was achieved in all animals, demonstrated by repeat angiography following balloon deflation (day 0). Various MR appearances of PMO were noticed including predominance in the subendocardial region, a central core within the infarcted tissue and also multiple separate clusters. In ten of eleven animals PMO was demonstrated as a persistent hypo-enhanced area in FPMP and DE-MRI, and identified as bright regions in later T1 difference images. In one animal PMO was identified only at day 2. At day 7-9 PMO could be identified on early DE-MRI at 5-15 minutes post Gd injection but not on late DE-MRI and T1 difference images after 45-60 minutes post-contrast. A larger volume of PMO and MI at day 2 was noted in comparison to data from day 0 but the difference was not statistically significant. An increased end-diastolic LV volume (EDV) without changes in end-systolic LV volume (ESV) and LV mass at end-diastolic phase (LVM) was observed at day 7-9 in comparison to data from day 0. There was good correlation between the relative extent of persistent MO in the infarcted myocardium (% MO/MI) and EDV at day 7-9 (r=0.83, n=10, P=0.003). MI was confirmed in all animals by TTC staining and/or histology. CONCLUSION: A variable MR appearance of persistent microvascular obstruction is observed during a short time course MRI study of reperfused acute MI. Acute negative LV remodeling was closely related to the relative extent of persistent microvascular obstruction within the infarct myocardium.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".