Microencapsulation Quality and Efficiency of Lactobacillus casei by Spray Drying Using Maltodextrin and Vegetable Extracts
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
<p>Survival and quality efficiency of <em>Lactobacillus casei </em>microencapsulated by spray drying using different vegetable extracts (asparagus, artichoke, orange or grapefruit peel) were evaluated. Aqueous suspensions of the vegetable extracts with or without maltodextrin (adjusting to 25% w/w) were prepared for the microencapsulation of <em>L. casei</em>. The evaluated spray drying conditions were at a fixed air inlet temperature (Tin) of 145 °C and varying the aqueous suspensions flux (Q) of 10 or 15 g/min. Survival of <em>L. casei</em> was evaluated after the spray drying process and after 60 days of storage at 25 °C. The quality efficiency of the microencapsulated <em>L. casei</em> was evaluated by measuring in the product, physicochemical properties (moisture content, a<sub>w</sub>), determining moisture gain and modeling adsorption isotherms, besides analyzing micrographs. Results demonstrated that moisture content of the different spray drying powders was less than 2% wb and less than 0.30 of a<sub>w</sub>. It was evidently that the use of maltodextrin reduced 50% the powders moisture gain (hygroscopicity) therefore reducing stickiness problems during storage. The Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) confirmed individual particles formation with a homogeneous coat when using vegetable extracts+maltodextrin and hence better powder quality than without it. The microbial reduction of <em>L. casei</em> after the spray drying process was of one log cycle and significantly different (p &lt; 0.05) with the presence of maltodextrin when using orange or grapefruit peel. A microbial population over 10<sup>7</sup> cfu/g of <em>L. casei</em> microencapsulated was maintained after 60 days of storage which guarantees its use to develop functional food.</p>
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it