Widespread Pyrazinamide-Resistant <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> Family in a Low-Incidence Setting
Bibliographic record
Abstract
An unusually high prevalence of pyrazinamide (PZA) monoresistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis has been observed in Quebec. In the absence of a recognized outbreak, we hypothesized that these isolates most likely represented reactivation of an old endemic strain in this low-incidence area. A case-control study of 77 PZA-resistant isolates with a specific Quebec mutation and 253 PZA-susceptible control M. tuberculosis isolates was undertaken. By molecular analysis, all 77 case isolates shared a unique mutation profile in the pncA gene which was not present in control isolates. While control isolates manifested diverse IS6110 restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) patterns, spoligotypes, and major genetic groups, case isolates had similar but nonidentical IS6110 RFLP patterns, had common spoligotypes, and were confined to one major genetic group, suggesting a common clonal ancestor. By epidemiologic and geographic analyses, however, there were no significant differences between the cases and the controls. We conclude that a clonally related family of PZA-monoresistant M. tuberculosis isolates in Quebec represents historic rather than recent transmission.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".